Chapter 11. Applied Linguistics(MCQs:)

 

Chapter 11.     Applied Linguistics
 

MCQs:

Section 1: Language Teaching and Learning

1.  Which method emphasizes communication as both the means and goal of learning a language?
A) Grammar-Translation Method
B) Audio-lingual Method
C) Communicative Language Teaching
D) Silent Way
Answer: C) Communicative Language Teaching

2.  Second Language Acquisition (SLA) refers to:
A) The teaching of native languages
B) Learning a second or foreign language
C) Language used in scientific research
D) Historical evolution of languages
Answer: B) Learning a second or foreign language

3.  Which factor does NOT directly affect second language learning?
A) Learner’s motivation
B) Learner’s age
C) Economic policy
D) Learning environment
Answer: C) Economic policy

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Section 2: Translation and Interpretation

4.  What is the key difference between translation and interpretation?
A) Translation is oral, interpretation is written
B) Translation is written, interpretation is oral
C) Translation is easier than interpretation
D) Interpretation uses machine learning
Answer: B) Translation is written, interpretation is oral

5.  Which of the following is a challenge in translation?
A) Finding rhyme schemes
B) Understanding chemical symbols
C) Translating idioms and metaphors
D) Knowing binary code
Answer: C) Translating idioms and metaphors

6.  What type of interpretation is performed in real-time, often with a few seconds delay?
A) Consecutive interpretation
B) Whispered interpretation
C) Simultaneous interpretation
D) Sequential interpretation
Answer: C) Simultaneous interpretation

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Section 3: Language Policy and Planning

7.  Language policy and planning are generally implemented by:
A) Historians
B) Governments and institutions
C) Philosophers
D) Private tutors
Answer: B) Governments and institutions

8.  Promoting a language through school curricula is an example of:
A) Corpus planning
B) Status planning
C) Acquisition planning
D) Structural planning
Answer: C) Acquisition planning

9.  Which country has implemented a bilingual language policy (English and French)?
A) Japan
B) Germany
C) Canada
D) India
Answer: C) Canada

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Section 4: Discourse Analysis

10.                Discourse analysis primarily focuses on:
A) The origins of words
B) Language use in context
C) Grammar rules
D) Language translation
Answer: B) Language use in context

11.                Which of the following is a key concept in discourse analysis?
A) Machine translation
B) Corpus linguistics
C) Cohesion and coherence
D) Language acquisition devices
Answer: C) Cohesion and coherence

12.                Which method in discourse analysis explores how language reflects power structures?
A) Structural linguistics
B) Comparative linguistics
C) Phonetics
D) Critical Discourse Analysis
Answer: D) Critical Discourse Analysis

Section 1: Language Teaching and Learning (1–15)

13.                What does SLA stand for in applied linguistics?
A) Standard Language Application
B) Second Language Acquisition
C) Syntax and Language Analysis
D) Speech and Listening Activity
Answer: B

14.                Which method focuses on memorization of vocabulary and grammar rules?
A) Task-Based Language Teaching
B) Grammar-Translation Method
C) Communicative Approach
D) Immersion Method
Answer: B

15.                Task-Based Learning focuses on:
A) Memorizing grammar rules
B) Completing meaningful activities
C) Reading comprehension only
D) Teacher-centered instruction
Answer: B

16.                Which age group is generally more successful in acquiring native-like pronunciation?
A) Adults
B) Teenagers
C) Children
D) Seniors
Answer: C

17.                Which factor is least likely to affect language learning success?
A) Motivation
B) Language exposure
C) Teacher quality
D) Blood type
Answer: D

18.                The affective filter hypothesis is related to:
A) Language pronunciation
B) Emotional barriers to learning
C) Grammar rules
D) Vocabulary development
Answer: B

19.                Communicative Language Teaching emphasizes:
A) Translation accuracy
B) Structural grammar
C) Real-life communication
D) Phonetics drills
Answer: C

20.                Bilingual education involves:
A) Learning two languages simultaneously
B) Using a language lab
C) Learning one language after another
D) Focusing only on grammar
Answer: A

21.                Which skill is NOT one of the traditional four language skills?
A) Reading
B) Speaking
C) Listening
D) Memorizing
Answer: D

22.                Fossilization in language learning refers to:
A) Total mastery of a second language
B) The learner’s first language
C) Persistent errors that don't change
D) Vocabulary growth
Answer: C

23.                Which of these is a receptive skill?
A) Speaking
B) Writing
C) Reading
D) Presenting
Answer: C

24.                Integrative motivation means:
A) Learning a language to get a job
B) Learning to pass a test
C) Learning to become part of the culture
D) Learning under pressure
Answer: C

25.                Language aptitude tests measure:
A) Grammar knowledge
B) Natural ability to learn languages
C) Vocabulary size
D) Accent strength
Answer: B

26.                The silent period in language learning refers to:
A) When learners don’t want to speak
B) An early phase where learners understand but don’t speak
C) A classroom break
D) A phonetics exercise
Answer: B

27.                Immersion programs aim to:
A) Teach translation
B) Maximize exposure to the target language
C) Focus on native grammar
D) Eliminate cultural influence
Answer: B

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Section 2: Translation and Interpretation (16–27)

28.                Translation deals with:
A) Oral language
B) Written language
C) Both spoken and written
D) Body language
Answer: B

29.                Interpretation involves:
A) Rewriting old texts
B) Spoken or signed language
C) Programming languages
D) Only non-verbal communication
Answer: B

30.                Which is more common in international conferences?
A) Simultaneous interpretation
B) Consecutive interpretation
C) Machine interpretation
D) Sight translation
Answer: A

31.                Which is a major challenge in translation?
A) Punctuation
B) Numbers
C) Cultural context
D) Fonts
Answer: C

32.                The goal of equivalence in translation is to:
A) Make the translation look identical
B) Keep the same font size
C) Convey the same meaning
D) Shorten the text
Answer: C

33.                Literal translation focuses on:
A) Sense and tone
B) Word-for-word transfer
C) Reader’s interpretation
D) Grammar accuracy
Answer: B

34.                Free translation emphasizes:
A) Cultural adaptation
B) Word count
C) Formality
D) Syntax transfer
Answer: A

35.                What type of interpretation is performed while the speaker pauses?
A) Whispered
B) Simultaneous
C) Consecutive
D) Subtitled
Answer: C

36.                Machine translation tools are:
A) Completely accurate
B) Based on AI and databases
C) Always better than humans
D) Illegal in some countries
Answer: B

37.                An example of translation loss is:
A) Keeping every word exactly the same
B) Loss of cultural nuance
C) Perfect interpretation
D) Adding new meaning
Answer: B

38.                Which is a common tool used in translation today?
A) Photoshop
B) CAT tools (e.g., SDL Trados)
C) Audacity
D) GPS
Answer: B

39.                Sight translation involves:
A) Using pictures
B) Reading text aloud in another language
C) Watching movies
D) Speaking without preparation
Answer: B

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Section 3: Language Policy and Planning (28–38)

40.                Language policy refers to:
A) Personal language habits
B) Legal and political regulation of language use
C) Theoretical grammar rules
D) Classroom management
Answer: B

41.                Status planning focuses on:
A) Creating new vocabulary
B) Giving languages official recognition
C) Making dictionaries
D) Promoting dialects
Answer: B

42.                Corpus planning involves:
A) Banning languages
B) Standardizing a language’s form
C) Voting on national languages
D) Promoting language on social media
Answer: B

43.                Acquisition planning involves:
A) Promoting language through education
B) Language extinction
C) Broadcasting news
D) Political campaigns
Answer: A

44.                Which country uses Swahili as a national unifying language?
A) India
B) Nigeria
C) Tanzania
D) South Africa
Answer: C

45.                Canada’s bilingual policy includes:
A) English and German
B) English and French
C) French and Spanish
D) English and Swahili
Answer: B

46.                Language shift occurs when:
A) New alphabets are created
B) Speakers abandon one language for another
C) Translation fails
D) One language splits into two
Answer: B

47.                Preserving endangered languages is an example of:
A) Political planning
B) Acquisition planning
C) Language maintenance
D) Grammatical evolution
Answer: C

48.                The aim of multilingual policy is to:
A) Erase minority languages
B) Promote one dominant language
C) Support language diversity
D) Simplify grammar
Answer: C

49.                Language planning is usually conducted by:
A) Bloggers
B) Linguistic engineers
C) Governments and linguists
D) Television stations
Answer: C

50.                One risk of poor language policy is:
A) Language revitalization
B) Improved communication
C) Social inequality
D) Increased literacy
Answer: C

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Section 4: Discourse Analysis (39–50)

51.                Discourse analysis studies:
A) Sentences in isolation
B) Language in use and context
C) Language history
D) Speech organs
Answer: B

52.                Cohesion in discourse refers to:
A) Logical connections between ideas
B) Word meanings
C) Stress patterns
D) Pronunciation
Answer: A

53.                Which of these is a speech act?
A) Running
B) Requesting
C) Whispering
D) Drawing
Answer: B

54.                Critical Discourse Analysis explores:
A) Personal stories only
B) The meaning of dreams
C) Language and power relationships
D) Grammar accuracy
Answer: C

55.                A conversation with clear turn-taking involves:
A) All speakers talking at once
B) One speaker dominating
C) Orderly exchanges between speakers
D) Long pauses only